Increased prevalence of erythema multiforme in patients with COVID-19 infection or vaccination.

Several reports stated that erythema multiforme (EM) was associated with COVID-19 with detrimental outcomes in patients. However, since most of these are case reports, it is challenging to quantitively assess their associations. Therefore, our study aims to determine the prevalence of EM in the context of COVID-19. The study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional hospital-based study of registered patients at the University of Florida Health Hospital. The ICD-10 codes for EM, COVID-19 infection, and COVID-19 vaccines were searched in the database. The odds ratio was calculated to assess the risk of EM after COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Our study included 43,547 patients with a history of COVID-19 infection, of whom 92 developed EM. Patients with COVID-19 infection were 6.68 times more likely to have EM than those without COVID-19 (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the risk of developing EM after COVID-19 vaccination was 2.7, significantly higher than the general population (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of EM following COVID-19 infection or vaccination significantly differs from the general population, highlighting the importance of monitoring patients for EM after COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination. It is imperative to disseminate awareness to clinicians and patients regarding the impact of COVID-19 on EM.

Association between tonsillectomy and oropharyngeal cancer risk: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study is to describe the association between the history of tonsillectomy and the risk of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSSC), using a large cohort of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study with 3620 patients diagnosed with OPٍSCC from 2010 to 2021. We utilized the University of Florida patients' registry i2b2 system. Three subsets of OPSSC were defined, base of tongue(BOT) cancer, tonsillar cancer, and other OPSSC. Tumor demographics and history of tonsillectomy were collected. Odds ratio for OPSSC were assessed utilizing a logistic regression model with adjusting for gender, race, and age. P < 0.05 was deemed significant. RESULTS: Of the 3620 OPSSC patients were BOT cancer (N = 964), tonsillar cancer (N = 995), and other OPSSC (N = 1661). There was a statistically significant reduction in tonsillar cancer and BOT cancer odds ratio in patients with a history of tonsillectomy vs. patients without tonsillectomy (0.086 and 0.117), respectively, with a P value < .0001. The odds ratio of OPSSC in patients with a history of tonsillectomy vs. patients without tonsillectomy is 1.031. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the OPSSC and previous history of tonsillectomy are associated. Our results showed a significant reduction in BOT and tonsillar cancer risk in patients with a history of tonsillectomy and an insignificant decrease in other OPSSC. This study could emphasize the importance of the development of future clinical trials to investigate the role of prophylactic tonsillectomy as a secondary preventive strategy to reduce OPSSC.

Lichen planus after COVID-19 infection and vaccination.

BACKGROUND: Lichen planus is one of the common adverse reactions after COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Despite it being reported in several case reports, the literature including a large sample of the studied population is lacking. The current study was performed to assess the risk of LP after COVID-19 infection as well as COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS: The current study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional hospital-based study of registered patients at the University of Florida (UF) health centers. The diagnoses of LP, COVID-19 infection, and COVID-19 vaccines were detected. The logistic regression model was used to assess the risk of developing LP after COVID-19 infection and vaccination. RESULTS: A total hospital patient of 684,110 attended UF Health centers were included in this study. 181 patients reported LP after COVID-19 vaccination and 24 patients developed LP after COVID-19 infection. The risk of developing LP after COVID-19 vaccination was 1.573 while the risk of developing LP after COVID-19 infection was 1.143. CONCLUSION: The odds of getting LP after COVID-19 vaccination are significantly developed. The current study showed that COVID-19 infection and vaccination are associated with LP. So, healthcare practitioners should be aware of this reaction for rapid recognition and treatment.

Corrosion Passivation in Simulated Body Fluid of Ti-Zr-Ta-xSn Alloys as Biomedical Materials.

The powder metallurgy method was used to manufacture three Ti-based alloys: Ti-15%Zr-2%Ta-4%Sn (Ti-Zr-Ta-4Sn), Ti-15%Zr-2%Ta-6%Sn (Ti-Zr-Ta-6Sn), and Ti-15%Zr-2%Ta-8%Sn (Ti-Zr-Ta-8Sn). Electrochemical measurements and surface analyses were used to determine the effect of Sn concentration on the corrosion of these alloys after exposure to a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 1 h and 72 h. It was found that the passivation of the alloy surface significantly increased when the Sn content increased from 4% to 6% and then to 8%, which led to a significant reduction in corrosion. The impedance spectra derived from the Nyquist graphs also explained how the addition of Sn significantly improved the alloys' polarization resistances. According to the change in the chronoamperometric current at an applied anodic potential over time, the increase in Sn content within the alloy significantly reduced the currents over time, indicating that the uniform and pitting corrosion were greatly decreased. The formation of an oxide layer (TiO2), which was demonstrated by the surface morphology of the alloys after exposure to SBF solution for 72 h and corrosion at 400 mV (Ag/AgCl) for 60 min, was supported by the profile analysis obtained by an X-ray spectroscopy analyzer. It was clear from all of the findings that the tested alloys have a remarkable improvement in resistance to corrosivity when the Sn content was increased to 8%.

A rare presentation of a mucocele in a separate compartment of maxillary sinus.

Maxillary sinus is frequently presented as a single space within each maxilla. It drains directly into the nose through the middle meatus. We are reporting the second rare case of a mucocele in a separate compartment of maxillary sinus in a 26-year-old patient without a history of facial trauma. The non-contrast computed tomography of paranasal sinuses showed an expansile right infraorbital cystic lesion developed in an upper lateral position of the maxillary sinus. An excision biopsy was performed, which showed histopathological findings of a maxillary sinus mucocele.

Prevalence of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Among Diabetic Mellitus Patients in Saudi Arabia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a burgeoning global health concern, closely associated with the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively evaluate the prevalence of NAFLD in DM patients in Saudi Arabia, a country undergoing rapid socioeconomic changes. Our multifaceted search strategy identified four high-quality studies conducted between 2003 and 2022, covering hospital and community settings. The aggregate prevalence rate of NAFLD in DM patients was notably high, ranging from 47.8% to 72.8%. However, substantial heterogeneity (I² = 90.6%) was observed, indicating variability attributed to diverse study characteristics. The uniform application of ultrasound for diagnosis was noteworthy but raised concerns regarding sensitivity. This analysis underscores the urgency of public health measures for early detection and management of NAFLD in DM-prone populations in Saudi Arabia.

Influence of Tantalum Addition on the Corrosion Passivation of Titanium-Zirconium Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid.

Ti-15%Zr alloy and Ti-15%Zr-2%Ta alloy were fabricated to be used in biomedical applications. The corrosion of these two alloys after being immersed in simulated body fluid for 1 h and 72 h was investigated. Different electrochemical methods, including polarization, impedance, and chronoamperometric current with time at 400 mV were employed. Also, the surface morphology and the compositions of its formed film were reported by the use of scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray. Based on the collected results, the presence of 2%Ta in the Ti-Zr alloy passivated its corrosion by minimizing its corrosion rate. The polarization curves revealed that adding Ta within the alloy increases the corrosion resistance as was confirmed by the impedance spectroscopy and current time data. The change of current versus time proved that the addition of Ta reduces the absolute current even at high anodic potential, 400 mV. The results of both electrochemical and spectroscopic methods indicated that pitting corrosion does not occur for both Ti-Zr and Ti-Zr-Ta alloys, even after their immersion in SBF solutions for 72 h.

Alloy Design and Fabrication of Duplex Titanium-Based Alloys by Spark Plasma Sintering for Biomedical Implant Applications.

Very often, pure Ti and (α + ß) Ti-6Al-4V alloys have been used commercially for implant applications, but ensuring their chemical, mechanical, and biological biocompatibility is always a serious concern for sustaining the long-term efficacy of implants. Therefore, there has always been a great quest to explore new biomedical alloying systems that can offer substantial beneficial effects in tailoring a balance between the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of implantable medical devices. With a view to the mechanical performance, this study focused on designing a Ti-15Zr-2Ta-xSn (where x = 4, 6, 8) alloying system with high strength and low Young's modulus prepared by a powder metallurgy method. The experimental results showed that mechanical alloying, followed by spark plasma sintering, produced a fully consolidated (α + ß) Ti-Zr-Ta-Sn-based alloy with a fine grain size and a relative density greater than 99%. Nevertheless, the shape, size, and distribution of α-phase precipitations were found to be sensitive to Sn contents. The addition of Sn also increased the α/ß transus temperature of the alloy. For example, as the Sn content was increased from 4 wt.% to 8 wt.%, the ß grains transformed into diverse morphological characteristics, namely, a thin-grain-boundary α phase (αGB), lamellar α colonies, and acicular αs precipitates and very low residual porosity during subsequent cooling after the spark plasma sintering procedure, which is consistent with the relative density results. Among the prepared alloys, Ti-15Zr-2Ta-8Sn exhibited the highest hardness (s340 HV), compressive yield strength (~1056 MPa), and maximum compressive strength (~1470). The formation of intriguing precipitate-matrix interfaces (α/ß) acting as dislocation barriers is proposed to be the main reason for the high strength of the Ti-15Zr-2Ta-8Sn alloy. Finally, based on mechanical and structural properties, it is envisaged that our developed alloys will be promising for indwelling implant applications.

Attitudes of Critical Care Nurses towards Teamwork and Patient Safety in Saudi Arabia: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Assessment.

The study aimed to assess the teamwork and safety attitudes among the critical care unit (CCU) nurses in Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in public tertiary hospitals in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia. All participants answered a three-part questionnaire that included demographic data, a teamwork attitude questionnaire (T-TAQ), and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ). The analysis revealed that the majority of the nurses were female, n = 52 (76.5%), and almost half of the nurses were aged from 29 to 39 years, n = 29 (42.6%). Teamwork attitude values are found to be relatively stable in all subscales, ranging from 1.63 (SD = 1.23) to higher at 2.92 (SD = 1.32). Of the six dimensions of SAQ, job satisfaction (M = 70, SD 21.46) had the highest positive rate and was approached with a positive attitude, followed by teamwork (M = 66.09, SD 15.12) and safety climate (M = 67.11, SD 17.70). The analysis also shows work experience was the influencing factor of teamwork attitude and safety attitude of nurses, recording beta values of 0.24, p < 0.05 and 0.10, p < 0.001, respectively. The results also identified an association between teamwork and safety attitudes. The study reflected the positive attitudes towards teamwork and less positive attitudes toward patient safety among critical care nurses in Saudi Arabia. Collaborative team performance among nurses improves the medical care quality and patients' safety, decreasing the occurrence rate of adverse events.

Medical Students' Perception Regarding the Re-emerging Monkeypox Virus: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia.

INTRODUCTION:  The recent multi-nation outbreaks of human monkeypox in non-endemic areas have created an emerging public health issue. Medical students who will become future healthcare providers are directly associated with community people and can easily sensitize the general population, so it is crucial to assess their degree of knowledge and attitudes regarding recently emerging infections or pathogens. However, studies on medical students' perception of the monkeypox virus are scarce in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the monkeypox virus-related knowledge and attitudes among medical students in the country. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2022 among undergraduate medical students at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. A systematic random sampling technique was applied to select the study participants. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes toward the monkeypox virus. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were performed. RESULTS: A total of 314 medical students were recruited for this study. The findings from this study showed that the vast majority of medical students (72%) had poor knowledge about the monkeypox virus. Respondents' age, grade point average (GPA), fathers' education level, and training received about the monkeypox virus were significantly associated with the level of knowledge about the monkeypox virus (p < 0.05). Nearly half of the respondents (45.9%) agreed that the monkeypox virus could be transmitted to Saudi Arabia. Overall, this study showed that the awareness levels regarding the monkeypox virus were significantly higher among seniors as compared to junior students. CONCLUSION: The study found poor knowledge of the monkeypox virus among currently enrolled medical students in the country's highest-ranked medical school. This finding emphasizes the urgent need to increase their knowledge because controlling outbreaks requires significant cooperation from knowledgeable and skilled healthcare providers.

Multiple oral squamous cell carcinoma 6 years after allogeneic stem cell transplantation complicated with chronic graft-versus-host disease: A case report.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a potential long-term complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This may be related to mechanisms including radiation and chemotherapy regimens, chronic graft-versus-host disease, inflammation, and prolonged immunosuppression. The current case describes the development of multiple oral white thick keratotic lesions in the floor of the mouth and the tongue 6 years after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation complicated with chronic graft-versus-host disease. A biopsy performed with histopathological analysis revealed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was treated by subtotal glossectomy, bilateral neck dissection, and flap reconstruction. This report highlights the significance of the routine oral examination of long-term surveillance post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to ensure early detection of these tumors at potentially treatable stage.

Should anosmia and dysgeusia be a concern for oral and maxillofacial surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic?

PURPOSE: Dysgeusia and anosmia have been liked to COVID-19 infection. The aim of this study is to study the prevalence of dysgeusia and anosmia in COVID-19 patients treated at the University of Florida Health Center and establish the odds of having an olfactory and gustatory disorder with a confirmed COVID-19 infection. METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study utilizing the University of Florida Health Center patients' registry i2b2 platform to search for ICD 10 diagnoses of COVID-19 infection and taste and smell disturbances. We assessed the odds ratio for patients with dysgeusia and anosmia having a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection using a logistic regression model adjusting for gender, race, age, and comorbidity conditions. P < 0.05 was deemed significant. RESULTS: Out of 889 individuals that tested positive for COVID-19, 12.88% were diagnosed with taste and smell disturbances. The odds ratio for COVID-19 for people with dysgeusia and anosmia was 39.107. After adjusting for sex, age, and race, it was 41.9, 37, and 34.2, respectively. CONCLUSION: Taste and smell disturbances in COVID-19 are not anecdotal. It is paramount that oral and maxillofacial surgeons include taste and smell disturbances in the history and physical examination as these symptoms are suspicious of active COVID-19 infection. Patients presenting with an olfactory and gustatory disorder should undergo further evaluations for COVID-19 infection and oral and maxillofacial surgeons should enhance the personal protective equipment used when treating these patients to prevent further spread of the infection and protect other healthcare members.

Silver Micro-Nanoparticle-Based Nanoarchitectures: Synthesis Routes, Biomedical Applications, and Mechanisms of Action.

Silver has become a potent agent that can be effectively applied in nanostructured nanomaterials with various shapes and sizes against antibacterial applications. Silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) based-antimicrobial agents play a major role in different applications, including biomedical applications, as surface treatment and coatings, in chemical and food industries, and for agricultural productivity. Due to advancements in nanoscience and nanotechnology, different methods have been used to prepare Ag NPs with sizes and shapes reducing toxicity for antibacterial applications. Studies have shown that Ag NPs are largely dependent on basic structural parameters, such as size, shape, and chemical composition, which play a significant role in preparing the appropriate formulation for the desired applications. Therefore, this review focuses on the important parameters that affect the surface interaction/state of Ag NPs and their influence on antimicrobial activities, which are essential for designing future applications. The mode of action of Ag NPs as antibacterial agents will also be discussed.

Cadmium Selenide Quantum Dots for Solar Cell Applications: A Review.

Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) are significant energy-producing devices due to their remarkable capability to growing sunshine and produce many electrons/holes pairs, easy manufacturing, and low cost. However, their power conversion efficiency (4%) is usually worse than that of dye-sensitized solar cells (≤12%); this is mainly due to their narrow absorption areas and the charge recombination happening at the quantum dot/electrolyte and Ti O 2 /electrolyte interfaces. Thus, to raise the power conversion efficiency of QDSSC, new counter electrodes, working electrodes, sensitizers, and electrolytes are required. CdSe thin films have shown great potential for use in photodetectors, solar cells, biosensors, light-emitting diodes, and biomedical imaging systems. This article reviews the CdSe nanomaterials that have been recently used in QDSSCs as sensitizers. Their size, design, morphology, and density all noticeably influence the electron injection efficiency and light-harvesting capacity of these devices. A detailed overview of the development of QDSSCs is presented, including their basic principles, the synthesis methods for their CdSe quantum dots, and the device fabrication processes. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of realizing high-performance CdSe QDSSCs are discussed and some future directions are suggested.

Post Processing Strategies for the Enhancement of Mechanical Properties of ENMs (Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes): A Review.

Electrospinning is a versatile technique which results in the formation of a fine web of fibers. The mechanical properties of electrospun fibers depend on the choice of solution constituents, processing parameters, environmental conditions, and collector design. Once electrospun, the fibrous web has little mechanical integrity and needs post fabrication treatments for enhancing its mechanical properties. The treatment strategies include both the chemical and physical techniques. The effect of these post fabrication treatments on the properties of electrospun membranes can be assessed through either conducting tests on extracted single fiber specimens or macro scale testing on membrane specimens. The latter scenario is more common in the literature due to its simplicity and low cost. In this review, a detailed literature survey of post fabrication strength enhancement strategies adopted for electrospun membranes has been presented. For optimum effect, enhancement strategies have to be implemented without significant loss to fiber morphology even though fiber diameters, porosity, and pore tortuosity are usually affected. A discussion of these treatments on fiber crystallinity, diameters, and mechanical properties has also been produced. The choice of a particular post fabrication strength enhancement strategy is dictated by the application area intended for the membrane system and permissible changes to the initial fibrous morphology.

Magnetic/Polyetherimide-Acrylonitrile Composite Nanofibers for Nickel Ion Removal from Aqueous Solution.

In this study, a magnetic/polyetherimide-acrylonitrile composite nanofiber membrane with effective adsorption of nickel ions in an aqueous solution was created using a simple electrospinning method. Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were stirred and ultrasonically dispersed into a polyetherimide-acrylonitrile solution to create a homogenous NPs suspension, which was placed in an electrospinning machine to produce a uniform and smooth nanofiber composite membrane. Nanoparticle incorporation into this membrane was confirmed using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and NPs aqueous stability from a leaching test. The high adsorption capability of the membrane on nickel ions was attributed to the combination of magnetic NPs, polyetherimide-acrylonitrile matrix, and the nanostructure of the membrane. A membrane containing magnetic NPs demonstrated the maximum adsorption capabilities (102 mg/g) of nickel ions in an aqueous solution. Various kinetic and isotherm models were applied to understand the adsorption behavior, such as pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. A polyetherimide-acrylonitrile composite nanofiber membrane containing magnetic NPs could be used as an environmentally friendly and nontoxic adsorbent for the removal of nickel ions in an aqueous medium due to its ease of preparation and use and stability in aqueous mediums.

Scaling-up medical technologies using flexographic printing.

Medical technologies, such as point-of-care devices and biological and chemical assays which rely on functional materials deposited on top of substrates, are in great demand due to an increase in the prevalence of diseases worldwide. A significant number of these medical technologies are still in their infancy with respect to commercialization because of the high cost, material and complexity of the conventionally available fabrication techniques. As a result, medical technologies, in broad terms, require low cost and mass production fabrication methods in order to overcome the commercialization challenges. Recently, researchers have explored the flexographic printing technique which is widely employed for food packaging and newspaper production. This technique has proved cost-effective, facile, rapid and industrially compatible fabrication technique of functional materials for various applications. In this review, we provide an account of the attempts of flexographic printing made to scale up functional materials on surfaces for biomedical applications. Firstly, we offer justification for demanding high-throughput fabrication techniques. We then present the facile working principle of the flexographic printing and its use in different medical applications, for example chronic disease monitoring devices, colorimetric sensors, electrochemical sensors, assays and drugs. Finally, we discuss challenges of the fabrication technique. The main purpose of this review is to give insights into the usefulness of flexographic printing to the health care industry.

Superior Mechanical Performance of Inductively Sintered Al/SiC Nanocomposites Processed by Novel Milling Route.

This paper explores new routes for flake powder metallurgy, with the aim of designing an effective route for fabricating metal matrix nanocomposites, combining high strength and good ductility. A new route that uses three speeds, instead of the two speeds characterizing the shift-speed ball milling (SSBM) route, has been suggested and implemented. The mechanisms of these routes were illustrated based on the intensity of ball-powder-ball collisions and the morphology evolution. The ball milled powder were characterized using filed emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to investigate the morphology evolution of the composites powder and the homogenous distribution of the SiC nanoparticles within the Al matrix. The reinforcing adequacy and interfacial bonding of 2 wt.% SiC nanoparticles in an inductively sintered composite has been investigated. Mechanical testing of the produced bulk composites resulted in achieving superior mechanical properties, characterized by 92% higher hardness, 180% higher yield strength, 101% higher ultimate strength, and 0% loss in uniform elongation, compared with those of regular SSBM. This is attributed to the homogeneous dispersion of the reinforcement into the Al matrix.

WS2: A New Window Layer Material for Solar Cell Application.

Radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering was used to deposit tungsten disulfide (WS2) thin films on top of soda lime glass substrates. The deposition power of RF magnetron sputtering varied at 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 W to investigate the impact on film characteristics and determine the optimized conditions for suitable application in thin-film solar cells. Morphological, structural, and opto-electronic properties of as-grown films were investigated and analyzed for different deposition powers. All the WS2 films exhibited granular morphology and consisted of a rhombohedral phase with a strong preferential orientation toward the (101) crystal plane. Polycrystalline ultra-thin WS2 films with bandgap of 2.2 eV, carrier concentration of 1.01 × 1019 cm-3, and resistivity of 0.135 Ω-cm were successfully achieved at RF deposition power of 200 W. The optimized WS2 thin film was successfully incorporated as a window layer for the first time in CdTe/WS2 solar cell. Initial investigations revealed that the newly incorporated WS2 window layer in CdTe solar cell demonstrated photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 1.2% with Voc of 379 mV, Jsc of 11.5 mA/cm2, and FF of 27.1%. This study paves the way for WS2 thin film as a potential window layer to be used in thin-film solar cells.

Facile and efficient 3-chlorophenol sensor development based on photolumenescent core-shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots.

Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconducting inorganic nanoparticles, tiny molecules of 2-10 nm sizes to strength the quantum confinements of electrons. The QDs are good enough to emit light onto electrons for exciting and returning to the ground state. Here, CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs have been prepared and applied for electrochemical sensor development in this approach. Flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was coated with CdSe/ZnS QDs as very thin uniform layer to result of the selective and efficient sensor of 3-CP (3-chlorophenol). The significant analytical parameters were calculated from the calibration plot such as sensitivity (3.6392 µA µM-1 cm-2) and detection limit (26.09 ± 1.30 pM) with CdSe/ZnS/GCE sensor probe by electrochemical approach. The calibration curve was fitted with the regression co-efficient r2 = 0.9906 in the range of 0.1 nM ∼ 0.1 mM concentration, which denoted as linear dynamic range (LDR). Besides these, it was performed the reproducibility in short response time and successfully validated the fabricated sensor for 3-CP in the real environmental and extracted samples. It is introduced as a noble route to detect the environmental phenolic contaminants using CdSe/ZnS QDs modified sensor by electrochemical method for the safety of healthcare and environmental fields at broad scales.